Responsive Grid
The grid is a powerful mobile-first flexbox system for building custom layouts. It is composed of three units — a grid, row(s) and column(s). Columns will expand to fill their row, and will resize to fit additional columns. It is based on a 12 column layout with different breakpoints based on the screen size. The number of columns can be customized using CSS.
How it works#
- Grids act as a container for all rows and columns. Grids take up the full width of their container,
but adding the
fixedattribute will specify the width per screen size, see grid size below. - Rows are horizontal groups of columns that line the columns up properly.
- Content should be placed within columns, and only columns may be immediate children of rows.
- The
size-{breakpoint}attributes indicate the number of columns to use out of the default 12 per row. So,size="4"can be added to a column in order to take up 1/3 of the grid, or 4 of the 12 columns. - Columns without a value for size will automatically have equal widths. For example, four instances of
size-smwill each automatically be 25% wide for the small breakpoint and up. - Column widths are set as a percentage, so they’re always fluid and sized relative to their parent element.
- Columns have padding between individual columns, however, the padding can be removed from the grid and
columns by adding the
ion-no-paddingclass to the grid. See the CSS Utilities for more styles that can be applied to the grid. - There are five grid tiers, one for each responsive breakpoint: all breakpoints (extra small), small, medium, large, and extra large.
- Grid tiers are based on minimum widths, meaning they apply to their tier and all those larger than them
(e.g.,
size-sm="4"applies to small, medium, large, and extra large devices). - Grids can easily be customized via CSS variables. See customizing the grid.
Live Example#
You can view a live example of this in Angular here and for React here.
Grid size#
By default, the grid will take up 100% width. To set a specific width based on the screen size, add the fixed attribute. The width of the grid for each breakpoint is defined in the --ion-grid-width-{breakpoint} CSS variables. For more information, see customizing the grid.
| Name | Value | Description |
|---|---|---|
| xs | 100% | Don't set the grid width for xs screens |
| sm | 540px | Set grid width to 540px when (min-width: 576px) |
| md | 720px | Set grid width to 720px when (min-width: 768px) |
| lg | 960px | Set grid width to 960px when (min-width: 992px) |
| xl | 1140px | Set grid width to 1140px when (min-width: 1200px) |
Live Example#
You can view a live example of this in Angular here and for React here.
Grid attributes#
The grid takes up the entire width of the screen by default. This can be modified using the attribute below.
| Property | Description |
|---|---|
| fixed | Set a max width based on the current screen size. |
Default breakpoints#
The default breakpoints are defined in the table below. Breakpoints can not be customized at this time. For more information on why they can't be customized, see Variables in Media Queries.
| Name | Value | Width Prefix | Offset Prefix | Push Prefix | Pull Prefix | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| xs | 0 | size- | offset- | push- | pull- | Set columns when (min-width: 0) |
| sm | 576px | size-sm- | offset-sm- | push-sm- | pull-sm- | Set columns when (min-width: 576px) |
| md | 768px | size-md- | offset-md- | push-md- | pull-md- | Set columns when (min-width: 768px) |
| lg | 992px | size-lg- | offset-lg- | push-lg- | pull-lg- | Set columns when (min-width: 992px) |
| xl | 1200px | size-xl- | offset-xl- | push-xl- | pull-xl- | Set columns when (min-width: 1200px) |
Auto-layout columns#
Equal-width#
By default, columns will take up equal width inside of a row for all devices and screen sizes.
Setting one column width#
Set the width of one column and the others will automatically resize around it. This can be done using our predefined grid attributes. In the example below, the other columns will resize no matter the width of the center column.
Live Example#
You can view a live example of this in Angular here and for React here.
Variable-width#
By setting the size-{breakpoint} properties to "auto" the column can size itself based on the natural width of its content. This is extremely useful for setting a column width using pixels. The columns next to the variable-width column will resize to fill the row.
Live Example#
You can view a live example of this in Angular here and for React here.
Responsive attributes#
All breakpoints#
To customize a column's width for all devices and screens, set the size property. The value of this property determines how many columns this column should take up out of the total available columns.
Stacked to horizontal#
Use a combination of width and breakpoint attributes to create a grid that starts out stacked on extra small screens before becoming horizontal on small screens.
Live Example#
You can view a live example of this in Angular here and for React here.
Reordering#
Offsetting columns#
Move columns to the right by adding the offset property. This property increases the margin left of the column by the number of specified columns. For example, in the following grid the last column will be offset by 3 columns and take up 3 columns:
Offsets can also be added based on screen breakpoints. Here's an example of a grid where the last column will be offset by 3 columns for md screens and up:
Live Example#
You can view a live example of this in Angular here and for React here.
Push and pull#
Reorder the columns by adding the push and pull properties. These properties adjust the left and right of the columns by the specified number of columns making it easy to reorder columns. For example, in the following grid the column with the 1 of 2 description will actually be the last column and the 2 of 2 will be the first column.
Push and pull can also be added based on screen breakpoints. In the following example, the column with the 3 of 3 column description will actually be the first column for md screens and up:
Live Example#
You can view a live example of this in Angular here and for React here.
Alignment#
Vertical alignment#
All columns can be vertically aligned inside of a row by adding different classes to the row. For a list of available classes, see css utilities.
Columns can also align themselves differently than other columns by adding the alignment class directly to the column. For a list of available classes, see css utilities.
Live Example#
You can view a live example of this in Angular here and for React here.
Horizontal alignment#
All columns can be horizontally aligned inside of a row by adding different classes to the row. For a list of available classes, see css utilities.
Live Example#
You can view a live example of this in Angular here and for React here.
Customizing the grid#
Using our built-in CSS variables, it’s possible to customize the predefined grid attributes. Change the values of the padding, the number of columns, and more.
Number of columns#
The number of grid columns can be modified with the --ion-grid-columns CSS variable. By default there are 12 grid columns, but this can be changed to any positive integer and be used to calculate the width of each individual column.
Grid Padding#
The padding on the grid container can be set for all breakpoints with the --ion-grid-padding CSS variable. To override individual breakpoints, use the --ion-grid-padding-{breakpoint} CSS variables.
Grid width#
To customize the width values of the fixed grid based on the screen size, override the values of --ion-grid-width-{breakpoint} for each breakpoint.
Column Padding#
The padding on the columns can be set for all breakpoints with the --ion-grid-column-padding CSS variable. To override individual breakpoints, use the --ion-grid-column-padding-{breakpoint} CSS variables.